notes for HM

EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN

By

MUHAMMAD SUFDAR SAHAR

Vehari Academy of Sciences (VAS) Madina Colony Vehari (03007727047, 03346908699)

·         In Muradabad 1859 First School was established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan

·         MAO High School Ali Garh 1875 established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan

·         MAO college Ali Garh  1877 established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan which was inaugurated by Lord Milton.

·         This college became university in 1920

·         Mr.Sidens was first its principal

·         All India Mohamdan Educational Conference established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan in 1886

·         Scientific Society in 1866  established by Sir. Syed Ahmad Khan

·         Dar-ul-Deoband established by Molana Qasim Nanotavi in 30 May 1866 in Chahta Mosque.

·         Molna M. Mehmmod was first its teacher.

·         Following are pre independence educational reports and commissions

·         Charles Grants Treatise issued in 1792. Charles was a British Parliament member.

·         Lord Minto( Governor General of Subcontinent) Report issued in 1811

·         Lord Macaulay Report 1835

·         wood dispatch report 1854. Charles wood was president of board of control

·         Hunter Commission 1882. William hunter was a minister of Lord Rippen viceroy council

·         Indian Universities Comission 1902

·         Sadler Comission 1919. Michal Sadler was VC of Leads university

·         Hartog Committee report 1929

·         First Educational Conference of Pakistan held in Karachi from 27 Nov to 1 Dec 1947

·         Education Minister during first educational conference was Mr. Fazlul Rehman

·         First Educational conference decided to promote Two nation theory, Urdu Language and to establish an Inter University Board

·         Gen.Ayub Khan government establish a 11 members national educational commission on 30 Dec 1958

·         S.M Shareef was Chairmain of this commission. This commission started its work from Jan 1959. Mr.Sharif was a Secretary of education

·         Sharif Commission presented his report to President in Aug 1959 consisting of 346 pages

·         According to Sharif Commission report School educational year was consist of 40 weeks with 2 month summer, 10days winter and 14 days spring vacations

·         University Educational Year consists of 36 weeks

·         Noor Khan Report was another National Education Policy by Yahya Govt in 1970.

·         University Grants Commission was established according to this policy.

·         Zulifqar Bhutto announces a National Education Policy on 29 March 1972.

·         According to National Education Policy on 29 March 1972, all private institutions were nationalized on 1 october 1972.

·         First Peoples Open University established in Islamabad According to National Education Policy on 29 March 1972.

·         National Research Fellowship was established According to National Education Policy on 29 March 1972

·         NSC was established According to National Education Policy on 29 March 1972.

·         Zia Ul Haq Govt issued National Education Policy 1978

·         Islamiat,Pak Studies,Arabic were mad compulsory subjects in National Education Policy 1978.

·         National Educational Council was established in National Education Policy 1978.

·         National Centre was established for science according to National Education Policy 1978.

·         National Technical Teachers Training College established in National Education Policy 1978.

EDUCATION CURRENTLY

            Pakistan has one of the lowest literacy rates in the world. In 2003 only 45.7 percent of adult Pakistanis were literate. Male literacy was 59.8 percent, while female literacy was 30.6 percent. From 1976 to 2001 the number of primary schools doubled, but so did the population. High levels of population growth continue to hamper educational development in the country. The government launched a nationwide initiative in 1998 with the aim of eradicating illiteracy and providing a basic education to all children.

            According to the constitution, it is the state’s responsibility to provide free primary education. Five years has been established as the period of primary school attendance, but attendance is not compulsory. While the enrollment rate in primary school is high for boys, less than one-half of girls attend school. In the 1999–2000 school year 96 percent of primary school-aged children were enrolled in school, while only 39 percent of secondary school-aged children attended. In 1996, 3.5 percent of Pakistan’s college-aged population attended institutions of higher education. The wealthiest and best students seek education in British and American universities.

            At the time of independence Pakistan had only one university, the University of the Punjab, founded in 1882 in Lahore. Pakistan now has more than 20 public universities. Among Pakistan’s leading public institutions of higher education are Quaid-e-Azam University (1965), in Islāmābād, the University of Karāchi (1951), the University of Peshāwar (1950), and the University of Sindh (1947), near Hyderābād.

            Since 1978 the government has encouraged the privatization of education at all levels. This led to the creation of three major private universities: Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Agha Khan University Medical College (in Karāchi), and Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology (in Topi, North-West Frontier Province). The National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), in Rāwalpindi, conduct research in the fields of science and technology for both the public and private sectors.